Meissner's plexus

Meissner's Plexus

Diagram of the Meissner's Plexus

The Meissner's Plexus or Submucosal Plexus is an intricate network of neuronal fibers located in the submucosa layer of the gastrointestinal tract. Named after the German anatomist Georg Meissner, this plexus plays a crucial role in regulating the gastrointestinal motility and secretion.

Structure

The Meissner's Plexus is primarily situated in the submucosa layer of the gastrointestinal tract, between the muscularis mucosae and the muscularis externa. It is composed of both sensory and motor neurons, with the latter controlling the secretory cells of the epithelium and the smooth muscle of the muscularis mucosae.

Function

The primary function of the Meissner's Plexus is to regulate the gastrointestinal motility and secretion. It controls the contractions of the muscularis mucosae, which in turn influences the shape and movement of the intestinal villi. Additionally, it regulates the secretion of enzymes and other substances from the epithelial cells, thereby playing a vital role in the process of digestion.

Clinical Significance

Abnormalities or damage to the Meissner's Plexus can lead to various gastrointestinal disorders. For instance, Hirschsprung's disease is a congenital condition characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in the Meissner's Plexus, resulting in severe constipation and intestinal obstruction.

See Also

• Auerbach's plexus
• Enteric nervous system
• Gastrointestinal tract