Methysergide

Methysergide (also known as UML-491 and Sansert) is a medication used for the prevention of chronic headaches such as migraines and cluster headaches. It is a derivative of ergot, a fungus that grows on rye.

Pharmacology

Methysergide works by blocking the action of serotonin, a neurotransmitter in the brain. It is a mixed agonist-antagonist for the serotonin receptors, meaning it can both activate and block these receptors depending on the circumstances. This action is thought to be responsible for its effectiveness in preventing headaches.

Uses

Methysergide is used for the prevention of chronic headaches, including migraines and cluster headaches. It is not effective for relieving a headache that has already started.

Side Effects

Common side effects of methysergide include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. In rare cases, it can cause a serious condition called retroperitoneal fibrosis, which is the formation of fibrous tissue in the area behind the abdomen.

Contraindications

Methysergide should not be used in people with peripheral vascular disease, coronary heart disease, or uncontrolled hypertension. It is also contraindicated in pregnancy due to the risk of fetal harm.

History

Methysergide was first synthesized in the 1950s by the Swiss pharmaceutical company Sandoz. It was approved for medical use in the United States in 1962.

See Also

• Ergot
• Serotonin
• Migraine
• Cluster headache

References

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  Methysergide