Molecular encapsulation

Molecular encapsulation is a process in chemistry where a guest molecule is contained within another host molecule. This process is used in a variety of applications, including drug delivery, protection of sensitive compounds, and in the creation of new materials with unique properties.

Overview

Molecular encapsulation involves the containment of one molecule, the 'guest', within another molecule, the 'host'. The host molecule typically has a cavity or a hollow structure that can accommodate the guest molecule. The interaction between the host and guest molecules can be through non-covalent interactions such as hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces, and electrostatic interactions.

Applications

Drug Delivery

In pharmaceuticals, molecular encapsulation is used in drug delivery systems to improve the solubility, stability, and bioavailability of drugs. The encapsulated drug is protected from degradation and can be released in a controlled manner.

Protection of Sensitive Compounds

Molecular encapsulation can protect sensitive compounds from degradation. For example, in the food and cosmetics industries, flavors, fragrances, and vitamins can be encapsulated to protect them from heat, light, and oxygen.

Creation of New Materials

Molecular encapsulation can also be used to create new materials with unique properties. For example, encapsulated molecules can be used to create nanocomposites, materials with enhanced mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties.

Techniques

Various techniques are used for molecular encapsulation, including co-crystallization, solvent evaporation, spray drying, and supercritical fluid technology.

See Also

• Supramolecular chemistry
• Host-guest chemistry
• Cyclodextrin
• Clathrate compound

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