Monochloroacetic acid

Monochloroacetic Acid (MCA) is an organic compound with the chemical formula C2H3ClO2. It is a white or pale yellow crystalline solid that is highly corrosive and has a strong, pungent odor.

Chemical Properties

Monochloroacetic Acid is a chlorinated derivative of acetic acid. It is a strong acid due to the electron-withdrawing effect of the chlorine atom. It is highly soluble in water and readily forms hydrogen bonds.

Production

Monochloroacetic Acid is primarily produced through the chlorination of acetic acid, in the presence of a catalyst such as acetic anhydride. It can also be produced by the hydrolysis of trichloroethylene.

Uses

Monochloroacetic Acid is used in a variety of applications. It is a key ingredient in the production of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), a thickening agent used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. It is also used in the synthesis of glyphosate, a widely used herbicide. Other uses include the production of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and plasticizers.

Safety

Monochloroacetic Acid is a highly corrosive substance and can cause severe burns and eye damage. It is also harmful if swallowed or inhaled. Proper safety measures should be taken when handling this chemical.

Environmental Impact

Monochloroacetic Acid is toxic to aquatic life and can cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. It is not readily biodegradable and can accumulate in the environment.

See Also

• Acetic Acid
• Chloroacetic Acids
• Carboxymethyl Cellulose
• Glyphosate