Cistron
(Redirected from Monocistronic)
Cistron[edit | edit source]
A cistron is a segment of DNA that encodes for a specific polypeptide or protein. It is the basic unit of genetic function and represents the coding region of a gene. The term "cistron" was first introduced by Seymour Benzer in 1957 to describe the genetic unit that corresponds to a single polypeptide chain.
Structure[edit | edit source]
The structure of a cistron consists of a sequence of nucleotides that encode the amino acid sequence of a protein. This sequence is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA) during the process of transcription. The mRNA is then translated into a protein during the process of translation.
Function[edit | edit source]
Cistrons play a crucial role in determining the phenotype of an organism. Mutations in cistrons can lead to changes in the amino acid sequence of a protein, which can affect its structure and function. These changes can result in genetic disorders or diseases.
Regulation[edit | edit source]
The expression of cistrons is tightly regulated by various mechanisms within the cell. Regulatory elements such as promoters, enhancers, and repressors control the transcription of cistrons. Additionally, post-transcriptional modifications can also influence the expression of cistrons.
Importance[edit | edit source]
Understanding cistrons is essential in the field of molecular biology and genetics. By studying cistrons, researchers can gain insights into the genetic basis of diseases, develop new therapies, and improve our understanding of evolutionary processes.
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