Motor nuclei

General Information
Latin	Nuclei motorii
Greek
TA98
TA2
FMA
Details
System	Nervous system
Artery
Vein
Nerve
Lymphatic drainage
Precursor
Function	Motor control
Identifiers
Clinical significance
Notes

The motor nuclei are collections of neurons in the central nervous system that are responsible for the initiation and control of motor function. These nuclei are primarily located in the brainstem and the spinal cord.

Structure

Motor nuclei are found in various regions of the brainstem, including the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata. They are associated with the cranial nerves and are responsible for innervating the muscles of the head and neck.

Midbrain

In the midbrain, the motor nuclei include the oculomotor nucleus and the trochlear nucleus, which are involved in controlling eye movements.

Pons

The pons contains the trigeminal motor nucleus, which innervates the muscles of mastication, and the abducens nucleus, which controls lateral eye movement.

Medulla oblongata

In the medulla oblongata, the motor nuclei include the facial motor nucleus, which controls facial expression, and the hypoglossal nucleus, which innervates the muscles of the tongue.

Function

Motor nuclei play a crucial role in the motor system by transmitting signals from the central nervous system to the peripheral nervous system. They are involved in voluntary and involuntary movements, including reflex actions.

Clinical significance

Damage to motor nuclei can result in various neurological disorders and motor deficits. For example, lesions in the facial motor nucleus can lead to facial paralysis, while damage to the hypoglossal nucleus can cause difficulties in speech and swallowing.

See also

• Cranial nerve nuclei
• Motor neuron
• Neuromuscular junction

References

Eric R.,

 Principles of Neural Science, 
  
 McGraw-Hill, 
 2013, 
  
  
 ISBN 978-0071390118,

Purves, Dale,

 Neuroscience, 
 Sinauer Associates, 
 2012, 
 Vol. 5th edition

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