Nerium oleander
Nerium oleander is a shrub or small tree in the dogbane family Apocynaceae. It is most commonly known as oleander, from its superficial resemblance to the unrelated olive Olea. It is so widely cultivated that no precise region of origin has been identified, though southwest Asia has been suggested. The ancient city of Volubilis in Morocco may have taken its name from the Berber name oualilt for the flower. Oleander is one of the most poisonous commonly grown garden plants.
Description[edit | edit source]
Nerium oleander is an evergreen shrub or small tree in the dogbane family Apocynaceae, toxic in all its parts. It is the only species currently classified in the genus Nerium. It is most commonly known as oleander, from its superficial resemblance to the unrelated olive Olea, but has many other names.
Distribution and habitat[edit | edit source]
Nerium oleander is native to northern Africa, the eastern Mediterranean basin and southeast Asia. Because oleander is extremely hardy and adaptable, it can be found in many different habitats, from coastal beaches to desert foothills. It is commonly grown in temperate climates worldwide.
Cultivation[edit | edit source]
Oleander is a popular ornamental plant in gardens and parks, especially in subtropical and tropical areas, where it is appreciated for its hardiness and its year-round flowering. Its tolerance of poor soils and hot, dry conditions make it a desirable plant for difficult locations, such as the median strip of highways in the American Southwest.
Toxicity[edit | edit source]
All parts of the Nerium oleander plant are toxic, which can cause a range of symptoms from mild irritation to death. Despite the danger, oleander seeds and leaves are used to make medicine.
Uses[edit | edit source]
Despite its toxicity, oleander has been used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of various illnesses. However, due to its high toxicity, it is generally considered unsafe and is not recommended for self-medication.
See also[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
