Otitis Externa

Otitis Externa is an inflammatory condition affecting the external ear canal, which is the tube that connects the outer ear to the eardrum. It is commonly referred to as "swimmer's ear" due to its association with water exposure. This condition can cause discomfort, pain, and temporary hearing loss. Otitis externa can be managed with proper treatment, though recurrence is possible.

Otitis Externa

Symptoms

Common symptoms of otitis externa include:

• Ear pain, which may worsen when the ear is touched or pulled
• Itchiness in the ear canal
• Fluid discharge, which can be clear, yellow, or pus-like
• Temporary hearing loss or muffled hearing
• Swelling and redness around the outer ear and ear canal

Causes

The primary cause of otitis externa is an infection, typically bacterial, though fungal infections can also occur. Other potential causes and contributing factors include:

• Water exposure, which can create a moist environment for bacteria to grow
• Allergies or irritation from certain substances, such as hair products, earplugs, or hearing aids
• Inserting objects into the ear canal, which can damage the delicate skin and introduce bacteria
• Skin conditions, such as eczema or psoriasis, that affect the ear canal

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of otitis externa involves a physical examination and an otoscopic evaluation, in which a healthcare professional uses a special instrument to visualize the ear canal and eardrum. If necessary, a sample of ear discharge may be collected and sent for laboratory testing to identify the specific cause of the infection.

Treatment

Treatment for otitis externa typically includes:

• Topical antibiotics, such as acetic acid or neomycin, to treat the infection
• Corticosteroids to reduce inflammation
• Analgesics, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, for pain relief
• In some cases, an ear wick may be inserted to help deliver medication directly to the ear canal.

Otitis Externa Resources
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