Peroneal nerves

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Peroneal nerve
Gray826.png
Nerves of the right lower extremity. (Common peroneal labeled at upper right, and superficial and deep peroneal nerves labeled at lower right.)
Details
FromSciatic nerve
ToSuperficial peroneal nerve, Deep peroneal nerve
InnervatesBiceps femoris muscle, Tibialis anterior muscle, Extensor digitorum longus muscle, Extensor hallucis longus muscle, Peroneus longus muscle, Peroneus brevis muscle
Identifiers
Latinnervus peroneus
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TE{{#property:P1693}}
FMA{{#property:P1402}}
Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy
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The peroneal nerves are a group of nerves in the human leg that are responsible for motor and sensory functions. They are branches of the sciatic nerve and are divided into two main branches: the superficial peroneal nerve and the deep peroneal nerve.

Anatomy[edit | edit source]

The peroneal nerves originate from the sciatic nerve in the lower part of the thigh. The common peroneal nerve, also known as the common fibular nerve, then travels down the leg, wrapping around the neck of the fibula.

Branches[edit | edit source]

Function[edit | edit source]

The peroneal nerves are crucial for the movement and sensation of the lower leg and foot. They enable the dorsiflexion and eversion of the foot, which are essential for walking and balance. Damage to these nerves can result in conditions such as foot drop, where the individual is unable to lift the front part of the foot.

Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]

Injuries to the peroneal nerves can occur due to trauma, compression, or medical conditions such as diabetes. Symptoms of peroneal nerve injury include numbness, tingling, and weakness in the lower leg and foot. Diagnosis is typically made through clinical examination and electromyography (EMG) studies.

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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD