Peroxides

Peroxides are a group of compounds with the structure R-O-O-R. The O-O group in a peroxide is called the peroxide group or peroxo group. In terms of electronegativity, oxygen is a highly electronegative element, making the O-O bond highly polar.

Structure and bonding

Peroxides are characterized by the presence of an oxygen-oxygen single bond. This bond can be found in several different types of compounds, including hydrogen peroxide and various organic peroxides. The O-O bond length in peroxides is about 1.45 Å, which is larger than the bond length in dioxides (1.2 Å) and superoxides (1.33 Å).

Properties

Peroxides are often powerful oxidizers and can be dangerous or explosive. For example, hydrogen peroxide can be used as a rocket propellant. Organic peroxides, such as benzoyl peroxide or acetone peroxide, are often used in polymerizations and other types of chemical reactions.

Uses

Peroxides have a wide range of uses, from bleaching hair and teeth to making plastics and disinfecting wounds. They are also used in some types of chemical reactions, such as polymerizations and oxidations.

Safety

Due to their strong oxidizing properties, peroxides can be hazardous. They can cause burns on contact with skin and can be explosive in high concentrations. Proper safety precautions should be taken when handling peroxides.

See also

• Hydrogen peroxide
• Benzoyl peroxide
• Acetone peroxide
• Superoxide
• Dioxide