Plica polonica

Plica Polonica is a rare condition of the hair that results in extreme matting and tangling. The term "plica polonica" is derived from the Latin words "plica," meaning fold or plait, and "polonica," which refers to Poland. This condition was prevalent in Poland during the Middle Ages, hence the name.

History

The condition was first documented in the 17th century in Poland, where it was considered a sign of a religious or spiritual experience. It was believed that the matted hair was a sign of divine intervention, and those affected were often revered as holy individuals. However, this belief gradually faded as understanding of the condition improved.

Causes

Plica Polonica is typically caused by neglecting hair hygiene, leading to severe matting and tangling of the hair. It can also be caused by certain scalp diseases, such as seborrheic dermatitis and psoriasis, which can lead to excessive scaling and flaking, contributing to the matting of the hair.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of Plica Polonica is the formation of a large, hard mass of hair that is impossible to comb or separate. The hair becomes matted and tangled, often forming a single, large dreadlock. Other symptoms may include itching, scalp inflammation, and in severe cases, a foul smell due to the accumulation of dirt and sweat.

Treatment

Treatment for Plica Polonica involves cutting off the matted hair. In some cases, the hair can be untangled with the help of oils and conditioners, but this is often a long and painful process. After the removal of the matted hair, the scalp is treated for any underlying conditions, such as seborrheic dermatitis or psoriasis, to prevent recurrence.

Prevention

Prevention of Plica Polonica involves maintaining good hair hygiene. This includes regular washing and combing of the hair to prevent matting and tangling. In individuals with scalp diseases, appropriate treatment and management of the condition can help prevent Plica Polonica.