Punctal plugs

Medical device used in the treatment of dry eye syndrome

Punctal Plugs

This medical device related article is a stub.

Punctal plugs, also known as punctum plugs or lacrimal plugs, are small, biocompatible devices inserted into the puncta of the eye to block the tear ducts. This helps to retain tear film on the ocular surface, providing relief for individuals suffering from dry eye syndrome.

Types

Punctal plugs are generally classified into two main types:

• Temporary Punctal Plugs: Made from materials such as collagen, these plugs dissolve over time, typically within a few days to months. They are often used as a diagnostic tool to determine if a patient will benefit from permanent plugs.

• Permanent Punctal Plugs: Constructed from long-lasting materials like silicone, these plugs are designed to remain in place indefinitely. They can be removed if necessary.

Indications

Punctal plugs are primarily indicated for the treatment of dry eye syndrome, particularly in cases where artificial tears are insufficient. They may also be used in patients with keratoconjunctivitis sicca and other conditions that cause tear film instability.

Procedure

The insertion of punctal plugs is a simple, outpatient procedure performed by an ophthalmologist or optometrist. The area is typically numbed with topical anesthetic drops, and the plug is inserted into the punctum using a specialized applicator.

Complications

While generally safe, the use of punctal plugs can lead to complications such as:

• Infection
• Irritation or discomfort
• Epiphora (excessive tearing)
• Extrusion of the plug

See also

• Dry eye syndrome
• Tear film
• Ophthalmology

External links

• American Academy of Ophthalmology: Punctal Plugs