Furazolidone

An article about the use of Furazolidone in medicine

Furazolidone is an antimicrobial agent that has been used in the treatment of bacterial and protozoal infections. It belongs to the class of nitrofuran antibiotics and has been used in both human and veterinary medicine.

Mechanism of Action

Furazolidone works by interfering with the DNA of bacteria and protozoa, inhibiting their ability to reproduce and repair themselves. This action is primarily bacteriostatic, meaning it stops bacteria from multiplying, but it can also be bactericidal at higher concentrations.

Medical Uses

Furazolidone has been used to treat a variety of infections, including:

• Giardiasis
• Cholera
• Bacterial diarrhea
• Helicobacter pylori infections

It is particularly effective against infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria and some protozoa.

Side Effects

Common side effects of furazolidone include:

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Abdominal pain

Rare but serious side effects can include:

• Allergic reactions
• Peripheral neuropathy
• Hepatotoxicity

Contraindications

Furazolidone should not be used in individuals with known hypersensitivity to nitrofuran derivatives. It is also contraindicated in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency due to the risk of hemolytic anemia.

Drug Interactions

Furazolidone can interact with other medications, including:

• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
• Antidepressants
• Sympathomimetic drugs

These interactions can lead to increased blood pressure and other cardiovascular effects.

Regulatory Status

Furazolidone has been withdrawn from the market in many countries due to concerns about its safety profile and the availability of safer alternatives. However, it may still be used in some regions under specific circumstances.

Also see

• Nitrofuran
• Antimicrobial resistance
• Antibiotic
• Giardiasis