RFID

RFID (Radio-frequency identification) is a technology that uses electromagnetic fields to automatically identify and track tags attached to objects. The tags contain electronically stored information. Passive tags collect energy from a nearby RFID reader's interrogating radio waves. Active tags have a local power source such as a battery and may operate hundreds of meters from the RFID reader. Unlike a barcode, the tag does not need to be within the line of sight of the reader, so it may be embedded in the tracked object. RFID is one method of automatic identification and data capture (AIDC).

History

RFID technology has been available for more than fifty years. It has only been recently that the ability to manufacture the RFID devices has fallen to the point where they can be used as a "throwaway" inventory or control device. Alien Technology is one of the leaders in the mass production of low-cost RFID devices.

Uses

RFID offers advantages over manual systems or use of bar codes. The tag can be read if passed near a reader, even if it is covered by the object or not visible. The tag can be read inside a case, carton, box or other container, and unlike barcodes, RFID tags can be read hundreds at a time. Bar codes can only be read one at a time using current devices.

Security concerns

In 2006, the U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) identified a number of potential security issues that were then being addressed by the Department of Homeland Security. There are also concerns regarding privacy. In 2006, some RFID vendors had developed passive chips that can be read from a distance of 60 feet.

See also

• Automatic identification and data capture
• Barcode
• Contactless payment
• Magnetic stripe card
• Optical character recognition

References

RFID Resources
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