Calcaneal branches

Calcaneal branches are anatomical structures that are part of the human anatomy. They are small branches of arteries that supply blood to the calcaneus, or heel bone, in the foot.

Anatomy

The calcaneal branches are derived from several arteries in the foot. The primary sources are the posterior tibial artery and the peroneal artery. These arteries branch off into smaller vessels, which further divide into the calcaneal branches.

The calcaneal branches penetrate the hard, outer surface of the calcaneus to supply the inner, spongy bone tissue with blood. This is crucial for the health and function of the heel bone, as it ensures the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the bone cells.

Function

The main function of the calcaneal branches is to provide blood supply to the calcaneus. This is essential for the maintenance of bone health and the healing of fractures.

In addition to supplying the calcaneus, the calcaneal branches also contribute to the blood supply of the surrounding soft tissues, including the fat pad that cushions the heel and the skin overlying the heel.

Clinical significance

Understanding the anatomy of the calcaneal branches is important in several clinical contexts. For example, in the treatment of calcaneal fractures, surgeons need to be aware of the location of these vessels to avoid damaging them and compromising the blood supply to the bone.

Moreover, in conditions that affect the blood vessels, such as peripheral artery disease, the calcaneal branches may become narrowed or blocked, leading to pain and potentially serious complications like non-healing ulcers or gangrene.

See also

• Foot anatomy
• Blood vessels
• Peripheral artery disease