Rhizobiales

Rhizobiales is an order of Gram-negative bacteria that includes a variety of bacteria that form an important part of the nitrogen cycle. This order includes several families of bacteria that are known for their ability to fix nitrogen, a process that converts atmospheric nitrogen into a form that can be used by plants.

Taxonomy

The order Rhizobiales is part of the class Alphaproteobacteria, which is itself part of the phylum Proteobacteria. The order includes several families, including Rhizobiaceae, Bradyrhizobiaceae, Phyllobacteriaceae, and Methylobacteriaceae, among others.

Nitrogen Fixation

Many members of the Rhizobiales are known for their ability to fix nitrogen, a process that is crucial for the nitrogen cycle. Nitrogen fixation involves the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into a form that can be used by plants. This process is carried out by bacteria in the soil, many of which belong to the Rhizobiales.

Symbiosis with Plants

In addition to their role in the nitrogen cycle, many Rhizobiales form symbiotic relationships with plants. These bacteria live in the roots of plants, where they fix nitrogen in exchange for carbohydrates from the plant. This symbiosis is particularly important for leguminous plants, which include peas, beans, and lentils.

Economic Importance

The ability of Rhizobiales to fix nitrogen and form symbiotic relationships with plants has significant economic importance. These bacteria are often used in agriculture to improve soil fertility and increase crop yields. In addition, they are used in the production of biofertilizers, which are a more sustainable alternative to chemical fertilizers.

See Also

• Nitrogen cycle
• Nitrogen fixation
• Symbiosis
• Biofertilizer