Satellite cell

Satellite cells are a type of stem cell most commonly found in mature muscle. They remain in a quiescent state under normal conditions but can be activated in response to muscle damage or stress. Satellite cells are essential for muscle growth and repair.

Function

Satellite cells are crucial for muscle repair and regeneration. When muscle fibers are damaged, satellite cells are activated. They proliferate and differentiate into new muscle fibers or fuse with existing ones, aiding in the repair process. Satellite cells also contribute to muscle growth by adding nuclei to growing muscle fibers.

Location

Satellite cells are located between the basal lamina and the sarcolemma of muscle fibers. This unique location allows them to respond quickly to damage or stress in the muscle tissue.

Activation

Satellite cells are normally in a quiescent state. However, they can be activated by muscle damage or stress. Factors that can activate satellite cells include mechanical stress, growth factors, and inflammatory signals.

Research

Research on satellite cells has implications for understanding muscle diseases and developing treatments. For example, in muscular dystrophy, a disease characterized by progressive muscle weakness, the number of satellite cells is often reduced. Research is ongoing to understand the role of satellite cells in muscle diseases and to develop therapies that can enhance muscle repair and regeneration.

See also

• Myoblast
• Muscle hypertrophy
• Muscle atrophy
• Regenerative medicine

Satellite cell Resources
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