Savannah

Savannah is a term used to describe a type of grassland ecosystem characterized by the presence of trees, but with a canopy cover of less than 25%. Savannahs are found in many parts of the world, including Africa, Australia, South America, and the Indian subcontinent. They are often located in the transitional zone between rainforests and deserts.

Characteristics

Savannahs are typically warm year-round with two distinct seasons: a wet season and a dry season. The amount of rainfall varies greatly depending on the specific location of the savannah, but it generally ranges from 30 to 50 inches per year. The dry season can last for several months and is often associated with frequent wildfires.

The vegetation in savannahs is adapted to the harsh conditions of the dry season. The grasses are usually tall and coarse, and the trees are often small and widely spaced to prevent competition for sunlight. Common tree species include the acacia, baobab, and candelabra tree.

Wildlife

Savannahs are home to a diverse range of wildlife. Many large mammals, such as elephants, giraffes, lions, and zebras, are well adapted to the savannah environment. They are able to survive the dry season by migrating to areas with more water or by digging for water in dry riverbeds. Savannahs also support a variety of bird species, including ostriches, secretary birds, and hornbills.

Threats and Conservation

Savannahs are under threat from a variety of factors, including climate change, deforestation, and overgrazing. These threats can lead to a loss of biodiversity and can disrupt the balance of the ecosystem. Conservation efforts are focused on protecting the savannah's unique wildlife and maintaining the health of the ecosystem.

See Also

• Grassland
• Ecosystem
• Biodiversity