Shared decision-making

Shared decision-making (SDM) is a collaborative process that allows patients and their providers to make healthcare decisions together, taking into account the best scientific evidence available, as well as the patient's values and preferences.

Definition

Shared decision-making is defined as a process in which clinicians and patients work together to select tests, treatments, management or support packages, based on clinical evidence and the patient’s informed preferences. It involves the provision of evidence-based information about options, outcomes and uncertainties, together with decision support counseling and a system for recording and implementing patients’ informed preferences.

History

The concept of shared decision-making was first introduced in the 1980s, as a response to a shift in healthcare towards a more patient-centered approach. This shift was driven by a recognition of the importance of patient autonomy and the ethical imperative to involve patients in decisions about their own care.

Process

The process of shared decision-making involves several key steps. First, the healthcare provider explains the patient's health status and discusses the different treatment options available. This includes discussing the potential benefits and risks of each option. The patient then shares their values and preferences with the healthcare provider. Together, they use this information to make a decision that best fits the patient's individual health needs and personal values.

Benefits

Research has shown that shared decision-making can lead to a number of benefits. These include improved patient satisfaction, increased patient adherence to treatment, and better health outcomes. In addition, shared decision-making can help to ensure that healthcare is delivered in a way that respects and responds to individual patient preferences, needs, and values.

Challenges

Despite its benefits, there are also challenges associated with implementing shared decision-making in practice. These include time constraints, lack of training and support for healthcare providers, and difficulties in accessing high-quality, patient-friendly information about treatment options.

See also

• Patient participation
• Patient-centered care
• Evidence-based medicine