Sigmoidoscope

Sigmoidoscopy is a procedure used by physicians to examine the lower part of the colon (the sigmoid colon). This procedure is performed using a device known as a sigmoidoscope, a flexible tube with a light and camera at the end.

Procedure

During a sigmoidoscopy, the patient lies on their left side with their knees drawn up towards the chest. The sigmoidoscope is then inserted into the anus and gently advanced through the rectum and into the sigmoid colon. Air is introduced to expand the colon and improve visibility. The camera on the sigmoidoscope transmits images to a monitor, allowing the physician to examine the colon.

Uses

Sigmoidoscopy is used to diagnose and sometimes treat conditions that affect the lower colon. It can be used to investigate symptoms such as abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, or changes in bowel habits. It is also used as a screening tool for colorectal cancer.

Risks

While sigmoidoscopy is generally safe, it does carry a small risk of complications. These can include bleeding, infection, and perforation of the colon.

Preparation

Before a sigmoidoscopy, the colon must be completely empty. This is usually achieved through a combination of a liquid diet, laxatives, and enemas.

See also

• Colonoscopy
• Endoscopy
• Gastroenterology

Sigmoidoscope Resources
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