Single photon emission computed tomography

Single-photon emission computed tomography (often abbreviated as SPECT) is a type of nuclear medicine imaging technique that uses gamma rays. It is similar to conventional nuclear medicine planar imaging using a gamma camera, but it can provide true 3D information. This information is typically presented as cross-sectional slices through the patient, but can be freely reformatted or manipulated as required.

Procedure

The SPECT procedure involves the injection of a radioactive tracer into the patient's bloodstream. This tracer emits gamma rays, which are detected by a gamma camera. The camera rotates around the patient, capturing images from multiple angles. A computer then processes these images to produce a 3D image of the patient's body.

Applications

SPECT is used to diagnose and monitor a wide range of medical conditions. In cardiology, it can be used to identify areas of the heart that are not receiving enough blood. In neurology, it can be used to investigate conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and epilepsy. In oncology, it can be used to identify tumors and monitor their response to treatment.

Advantages and Disadvantages

One of the main advantages of SPECT is that it provides 3D images, which can provide more detailed information than 2D images. However, SPECT images are generally less detailed than those produced by other imaging techniques such as computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). SPECT also involves exposure to radiation, which can be a disadvantage.

See Also

• Computed tomography
• Magnetic resonance imaging
• Nuclear medicine
• Gamma camera
• Radioactive tracer

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