Small bowel transplantation
Small bowel transplantation is a surgical procedure that involves replacing a diseased or non-functioning small intestine with a healthy one from a donor. This type of transplantation is typically considered when all other medical and surgical treatments have failed to manage severe intestinal disorders.
Indications[edit | edit source]
Small bowel transplantation is indicated for patients with intestinal failure who cannot absorb nutrients through their intestine and are dependent on total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Common conditions leading to intestinal failure include short bowel syndrome, severe Crohn's disease, and congenital defects such as gastroschisis.
Procedure[edit | edit source]
The procedure involves the removal of the diseased small intestine and replacement with a donor organ. Depending on the patient's condition, the transplant may include the small intestine alone or in combination with other organs such as the liver, pancreas, or stomach in a multivisceral transplant.
Postoperative Care[edit | edit source]
After the surgery, patients require close monitoring and immunosuppressive therapy to prevent organ rejection. Immunosuppressive drugs help to modulate the patient's immune system to accept the transplanted organ as its own.
Complications[edit | edit source]
Complications of small bowel transplantation can include rejection of the transplanted organ, infection due to immunosuppression, and complications arising from the use of immunosuppressive medications, such as kidney damage and increased risk of cancer.
Outcomes[edit | edit source]
The success of small bowel transplantation has improved significantly with advances in surgical techniques and immunosuppressive therapy. Long-term survival and quality of life have increased, allowing many recipients to return to a more normal lifestyle.
See also[edit | edit source]
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