Sphincter vaginae

Sphincter vaginae is a term used in anatomy to refer to the muscular structure that surrounds and controls the opening of the vagina. This muscle is part of the pelvic floor muscles and plays a crucial role in sexual function, childbirth, and maintaining continence.

Anatomy

The sphincter vaginae is composed of smooth muscle fibers that are arranged in a circular pattern around the vaginal opening. It is part of the larger group of pelvic floor muscles, which also includes the pubococcygeus, iliococcygeus, and ischiococcygeus muscles. These muscles work together to support the pelvic organs and control the openings of the vagina, urethra, and anus.

Function

The primary function of the sphincter vaginae is to control the opening and closing of the vagina. This muscle is able to contract and relax, allowing for sexual intercourse, childbirth, and the passage of menstrual blood. It also plays a role in maintaining urinary and fecal continence.

In addition to these functions, the sphincter vaginae also contributes to sexual arousal and orgasm. During sexual arousal, the muscle can contract, increasing sexual sensation. During orgasm, rhythmic contractions of the muscle occur.

Clinical significance

Damage or weakening of the sphincter vaginae can lead to a number of health issues. These can include sexual dysfunction, urinary incontinence, fecal incontinence, and pelvic organ prolapse. Treatment for these conditions can involve physical therapy, medication, or surgery.