Superficial palmar branch of radial artery

Superficial palmar branch of radial artery

The superficial palmar branch of the radial artery is a small arterial branch that arises from the radial artery in the forearm. It plays a crucial role in the blood supply to the palm of the hand and contributes to the formation of the superficial palmar arch.

Anatomy

The radial artery is one of the major arteries in the forearm, originating from the brachial artery in the upper arm. As it courses down the forearm, it gives rise to several branches, including the superficial palmar branch.

The superficial palmar branch of the radial artery arises from the radial artery just proximal to the anatomical snuffbox. It then descends towards the palm of the hand, passing through the anatomical snuffbox and entering the palm through the thenar eminence.

Within the palm, the superficial palmar branch gives off multiple small branches that supply the skin and subcutaneous tissues of the palm. It also contributes to the formation of the superficial palmar arch, an important arterial network in the hand.

Function

The superficial palmar branch of the radial artery provides a significant blood supply to the palm of the hand. Its branches deliver oxygenated blood to the skin and subcutaneous tissues, ensuring their proper nourishment and function.

Moreover, the superficial palmar branch participates in the formation of the superficial palmar arch. This arch is formed by anastomosis between the superficial palmar branch of the radial artery and the ulnar artery's superficial palmar branch. The superficial palmar arch gives rise to digital arteries that supply the fingers.

Clinical Significance

The superficial palmar branch of the radial artery is of clinical importance in various medical procedures and conditions.

During radial artery cannulation, which is a common technique for arterial blood sampling or invasive monitoring, the superficial palmar branch can be inadvertently punctured. Care must be taken to avoid damaging this branch to prevent complications such as hematoma or ischemia.

In cases of radial artery occlusion or insufficiency, the superficial palmar branch can serve as a collateral pathway for blood flow to the hand. This collateral circulation can help maintain adequate blood supply to the palm and fingers.

Related Topics

• Radial artery
• Brachial artery
• Anatomical snuffbox
• Superficial palmar arch
• Digital arteries

References

1. Standring, S. (Ed.). (2016). Gray's anatomy: the anatomical basis of clinical practice. Elsevier Health Sciences.

2. Drake, R. L., Vogl, W., & Mitchell, A. W. M. (2014). Gray's anatomy for students. Elsevier Health Sciences.

3. Moore, K. L., Dalley, A. F., & Agur, A. M. (2013). Clinically oriented anatomy. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

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