Superficial palmar arch

Superficial palmar arch is an arterial network found in the palm of the hand. It is formed primarily by the ulnar artery, with a contribution from the superficial palmar branch of the radial artery. The superficial palmar arch is responsible for the blood supply to the fingers and the muscles of the little finger and ring finger.

Anatomy

The superficial palmar arch is located in the subcutaneous tissue of the palm, superficial to the long flexor tendons and the lumbrical muscles. It is covered by the palmar aponeurosis, a thick fascial layer, and the skin. The arch is formed by the ulnar artery, which enters the hand anterior to the flexor retinaculum and lateral to the pisiform bone. The superficial palmar branch of the radial artery joins the arch, completing it distally.

Branches

The branches of the superficial palmar arch include the common palmar digital arteries and the proper palmar digital arteries. The common palmar digital arteries arise from the convexity of the arch and divide into two proper palmar digital arteries. These arteries supply the medial three and a half fingers.

Clinical significance

The superficial palmar arch is important in surgical procedures involving the hand. Its location and the distribution of its branches need to be considered in surgeries such as carpal tunnel release and palmar fasciectomy. In addition, variations in the formation of the arch can have clinical implications. For example, if the arch is not completed by the radial artery, the blood supply to the fingers may be compromised.

See also

• Deep palmar arch
• Hand anatomy
• Ulnar artery
• Radial artery