Tap block

Tap Block

A Tap Block or Transversus Abdominis Plane Block is a regional anesthesia technique that provides analgesia to the anterolateral abdominal wall. This technique is commonly used in abdominal surgeries to reduce postoperative pain and opioid consumption.

Anatomy

The Transversus Abdominis Plane is a potential space between the internal oblique and the transversus abdominis muscles. The plane contains the terminal branches of the lower six thoracic intercostal nerves (T7-T12) and the first lumbar nerves (L1), which provide sensory innervation to the anterolateral abdominal wall.

Technique

The Tap Block can be performed using either a landmark-based technique or under ultrasound guidance. The landmark-based technique involves the identification of the triangle of Petit, while the ultrasound-guided technique allows for direct visualization of the needle and local anesthetic spread.

Clinical Use

Tap Block is used in a variety of abdominal surgeries including appendectomy, cholecystectomy, hysterectomy, and cesarean section. It has been shown to reduce postoperative pain and opioid consumption, and to facilitate early mobilization and recovery.

Complications

Complications of Tap Block are rare but can include local anesthetic systemic toxicity, injury to the abdominal organs or blood vessels, and failure of the block.

See Also

• Regional Anesthesia
• Local Anesthesia
• Abdominal Surgery
• Postoperative Pain
• Opioid Consumption