Theca cells

Theca cells are a group of cells found in the ovary of female mammals. They play a crucial role in the development of the ovarian follicle, which is responsible for the production and release of eggs during the menstrual cycle.

Function

Theca cells are involved in the production of androgens, a type of hormone that is converted into estrogen by the granulosa cells. This process is known as steroidogenesis. Theca cells are stimulated by the luteinizing hormone (LH), which is released by the pituitary gland.

Structure

Theca cells are located in the outer layer of the ovarian follicle, surrounding the granulosa cells. They are divided into two types: theca interna and theca externa. The theca interna cells are closer to the follicle and are responsible for hormone production, while the theca externa cells provide structural support.

Clinical significance

Abnormalities in theca cells can lead to various reproductive disorders. For example, overproduction of androgens by theca cells can result in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common condition characterized by irregular menstrual cycles and high levels of male hormones.

Research

Research on theca cells is ongoing, with scientists seeking to better understand their role in fertility and reproductive health. This includes studying the effects of age, diet, and environmental factors on theca cell function.

See also

• Ovary
• Ovarian follicle
• Granulosa cells
• Polycystic ovary syndrome

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