Santorini

Santorini Montage L

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Fresque du printemps, Akrotiri, Grèce

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Stoa Basilica

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Santorini - Grecia - Vista Aerea del promontorio di Ancient Thira - agosto 2018

Santorini is a volcanic island located in the southern Aegean Sea, about 200 km (120 mi) southeast of Greece's mainland. It is the largest island of a small, circular archipelago, which bears the same name and is the remnant of a volcanic caldera. Santorini forms the southernmost member of the Cyclades group of islands, with an area of approximately 73 km² (28 sq mi) and a 2021 population of 15,550. The municipality of Santorini includes the inhabited islands of Santorini and Therasia, as well as the uninhabited islands of Nea Kameni, Palaia Kameni, Aspronisi, and Christiana. The total land area of the municipality is 90.623 km² (34.990 sq mi). Santorini is the site of one of the largest volcanic eruptions in recorded history: the Minoan eruption (sometimes called the Thera eruption), which occurred about 3,600 years ago at the height of the Minoan civilization.

Geography

Santorini is characterized by its steep cliffs and the striking contrast between the white-washed buildings and the deep blue sea. The island's geography is the result of repeated volcanic activity over the centuries. Its famous caldera, a large, mostly submerged crater, was formed around 3,600 years ago during the Minoan eruption. The island's landscape is also marked by its black sand beaches, such as Kamari and Perissa, and the famous Red Beach near Akrotiri.

History

The history of Santorini is deeply intertwined with the history of the Minoan civilization and the volcanic eruption that occurred in the 17th century BC. This catastrophic event is thought to have significantly affected the Minoan civilization on the island of Crete, located to the south, and may have been the inspiration for the legend of Atlantis. Following the eruption, Santorini went through a period of recovery and was later inhabited by Phoenicians and then by the Dorians. In the Middle Ages, it was known as "Thera" but was renamed "Santorini" after the Crusades, in honor of Saint Irene by the Venetians.

Economy

The economy of Santorini is primarily based on tourism, agriculture, and winemaking. The island's unique volcanic soil is particularly suited for the cultivation of grape vines, and Santorini is famous for its white variant wines, such as Assyrtiko. Tourism has seen a significant increase in recent years, with the island's spectacular views, unique beaches, and historical sites attracting visitors from all over the world.

Culture

Santorini's culture is a blend of its rich history and its modern tourist-driven economy. Traditional festivals and religious celebrations are common, and the island is known for its distinctive architecture, characterized by white-washed buildings with blue domes. The island also has a vibrant arts scene, with many galleries and workshops showcasing the work of local and international artists.

Tourist Attractions

Some of the most notable tourist attractions on Santorini include the archaeological site of Akrotiri, which offers a glimpse into the advanced civilization that once thrived on the island before the Minoan eruption. The towns of Fira and Oia are famous for their stunning views of the caldera, and Oia is particularly renowned for its breathtaking sunsets. The island's unique beaches, such as the Red Beach and the black sand beaches of Kamari and Perissa, also draw many visitors.

Transportation

Santorini is accessible by boat from Piraeus and Crete, and by air from Athens and other major European cities via Santorini (Thira) National Airport. The island has a well-developed network of roads, and buses, taxis, and rental cars are available for transportation within the island.