Virgin Mary

Virgin Mary
Birth Date	Traditionally c. 18 BC
Birth Place	Nazareth, Galilee
Death Date	Traditionally c. AD 41
Death Place	Assumed into Heaven
Feast Day	Various (see Marian feast days)
Venerated In	Christianity
Titles	Theotokos, Mother of God, Queen of Heaven
Beatified Date
Beatified Place
Beatified By
Canonized Date	Pre-Congregation
Canonized Place
Canonized By
Attributes	Blue mantle, crown of 12 stars, pregnant woman, roses
Patronage	See Patronages of the Blessed Virgin Mary
Major Shrine	St. Mary Major, Rome, Italy
Suppressed Date
Issues

The Virgin Mary, also known as Mary, Mother of Jesus, and by various titles, honors, and devotions, is a central figure in Christianity. According to the New Testament, Mary was a virgin chosen by God to conceive Jesus through the Holy Spirit. Her role in Christianity encompasses various aspects as the mother of Jesus, an intercessor, and a model of faith and obedience to God's will.

Life

Mary's life is primarily recounted in the Gospels of Matthew and Luke. She was betrothed to Joseph, a carpenter, when the angel Gabriel announced that she would bear a son by the Holy Spirit. Despite the potential social repercussions, Mary accepted this announcement with faith.

Mary's other significant biblical appearances include her visitation to Elizabeth, her presence during the Crucifixion, and her participation with the Apostles at Pentecost.

Theological Significance

Mary is venerated in Christian theology for her role as the mother of Jesus, making her the Theotokos (God-bearer). This title was confirmed at the Council of Ephesus in 431 AD, which was pivotal in affirming her role within Christianity.

Devotions and Veneration

Mary is revered in the Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox Church, Oriental Orthodox, and some Anglican and Lutheran traditions. Devotions to Mary include the Rosary, the Hail Mary, and specific feasts and Marian feast days. Major Marian shrines such as Lourdes and Fatima attract millions of pilgrims annually.

Titles and Appellations

Mary has been given many titles by the Christian tradition, including "Queen of Heaven," "Our Lady," and "Mother of the Church." These titles reflect her role and importance across various Christian denominations.

Cultural Impact

Mary's influence extends beyond religion into cultural, social, and political areas. She has been a subject in art, music, and literature and continues to influence discussions about gender and theology.

Controversies and Criticisms

The veneration of Mary has been a point of theological contention, particularly among Protestant denominations, which often reject the invocation of saints. Debates also focus on doctrines such as the Immaculate Conception and the Assumption of Mary, which are not universally accepted among Christians.

See Also

• Marian apparitions
• Dogma of the Virgin Mary
• Patronages of the Blessed Virgin Mary