Wastewater

Wastewater is any water that has been adversely affected in quality by anthropogenic influence. It can originate from a combination of domestic, industrial, commercial or agricultural activities, stormwater runoff or infiltration into the sewer.

Sources of Wastewater

Wastewater can come from a variety of sources. The main sources include:

• Domestic - This is wastewater that comes from residential households. It includes water from sinks, showers, bathtubs, toilets, washing machines, and dishwashers.

• Industrial - This is wastewater that comes from industrial processes. It can contain a variety of pollutants, depending on the industry.

• Commercial - This is wastewater that comes from commercial businesses. It can include water from sinks, toilets, and industrial processes.

• Agricultural - This is wastewater that comes from agricultural activities. It can include runoff from fields, as well as water used in the raising of livestock.

• Stormwater Runoff - This is water that flows over the ground surface when it rains. It can pick up pollutants as it flows, making it a source of wastewater.

Treatment of Wastewater

The treatment of wastewater is a multi-stage process that involves removing contaminants and making the water safe for discharge back into the environment. The main stages of wastewater treatment include:

• Preliminary Treatment - This stage involves the removal of large objects and grit from the wastewater.

• Primary Treatment - This stage involves the removal of suspended solids from the wastewater.

• Secondary Treatment - This stage involves the removal of dissolved and suspended biological matter from the wastewater.

• Tertiary Treatment - This stage involves the removal of any remaining inorganic compounds and viruses from the wastewater.

Environmental Impact

The discharge of untreated or inadequately treated wastewater can have significant impacts on the environment. It can lead to the pollution of water bodies, damage to ecosystems, and pose a risk to human health.

See Also

• Water pollution
• Sewage treatment
• Water treatment