Water closet

Water closet is a term used in plumbing to describe a toilet that uses water to flush waste into a connected sewer system. The term is commonly used in British English and many Commonwealth countries, but is less common in American English.

History

The water closet was first invented in the late 16th century by Sir John Harington, a godson of Queen Elizabeth I. However, it did not become common in households until the 19th century, when improvements in plumbing and sewage systems made it more practical.

Design

A typical water closet consists of a bowl fitted with a hinged seat and is connected to a waste pipe where waste is flushed. The flushing mechanism is operated by a handle, button, or sensor. The water in the bowl serves as a barrier to prevent sewer gases from entering the home.

Types

There are two main types of water closets: the siphonic and the washdown. The siphonic type is more common in the U.S. and has a larger water surface area in the bowl, but uses more water per flush. The washdown type is more common in Europe and uses less water per flush, but has a smaller water surface area in the bowl.

See also

• Flush toilet
• Squat toilet
• Bidet
• Urinal
• Sanitation

Water closet Resources
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