Window

Window

A window is an opening in a wall, door, roof, or vehicle that allows the passage of light, sound, and, if not closed or sealed, air. Modern windows are usually glazed or covered in some other transparent or translucent material, a sash set in a frame in the opening; the sash and frame are also referred to as a window. Many glazed windows may be opened, to allow ventilation, or closed, to exclude inclement weather. Windows often have a latch or similar mechanism to lock the window shut.

A traditional window from Bucharest, Romania.

History

The earliest windows were unglazed openings in a roof to admit light during the day. Over time, windows were covered with animal hide, cloth, or wood. In the Far East, paper was used to fill windows. The Romans were the first known to use glass for windows, a technology likely first produced in Roman Egypt. In England, glass became common in the windows of ordinary homes only in the early 17th century.

Types of Windows

Windows come in many different styles and types, each serving different purposes and aesthetic preferences.

Fixed Windows

Fixed windows are windows that cannot be opened. They are often used in situations where light or vision alone is needed as they provide no ventilation.

Sliding Windows

Sliding windows have sashes that slide horizontally. They are often used in modern homes and buildings for their ease of use and space-saving design.

Casement Windows

Casement windows are hinged at the side and open outward like a door. They are often used in older homes and are known for providing excellent ventilation.

Bay Windows

Bay windows are a combination of three or more windows that angle out beyond the exterior wall. They are often used to create a sense of space and to allow more light into a room.

A window in a traditional shrine.

Materials

Windows can be made from a variety of materials, each offering different benefits.

Wood

Wood is a traditional material for windows, offering a classic look and good insulation properties. However, it requires regular maintenance to prevent rot and decay.

Aluminum

Aluminum windows are durable and require little maintenance. They are often used in commercial buildings.

Vinyl

Vinyl windows are popular for their low cost and energy efficiency. They are made from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and are available in a variety of styles and colors.

Fiberglass

Fiberglass windows are known for their strength and durability. They are resistant to warping and are energy efficient.

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A traditional wooden window.

Architectural Styles

Windows play a significant role in the architectural style of a building. Different styles of windows can define the character and aesthetic of a structure.

Gothic

Gothic windows are characterized by their pointed arches and intricate tracery. They are often found in cathedrals and churches.

Renaissance

Renaissance windows are known for their symmetry and proportion. They often feature rectangular shapes and are adorned with classical details.

Modern

Modern windows emphasize simplicity and functionality. They often feature large panes of glass and minimal framing to maximize light and views.

A Gothic-style window in Chartres Cathedral.

Related Pages

• Glass
• Architecture
• Ventilation
• Building materials