2,4 Dienoyl-CoA reductase
2,4-Dienoyl-CoA Reductase[edit | edit source]
2,4-Dienoyl-CoA reductase is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the beta-oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids. It is involved in the metabolic pathway that breaks down polyunsaturated fatty acids to produce acetyl-CoA, which can then enter the citric acid cycle to generate ATP.
Function[edit | edit source]
2,4-Dienoyl-CoA reductase catalyzes the reduction of 2,4-dienoyl-CoA to trans-3-enoyl-CoA. This reaction is essential for the metabolism of unsaturated fatty acids with double bonds at even-numbered positions. The enzyme uses NADPH as a cofactor to facilitate the reduction process.
Mechanism[edit | edit source]
The enzyme operates by transferring electrons from NADPH to the 2,4-dienoyl-CoA substrate, reducing the double bonds to a single trans double bond. This conversion is necessary for the subsequent steps in the beta-oxidation pathway, allowing the fatty acid to be fully degraded into acetyl-CoA units.
Structure[edit | edit source]
2,4-Dienoyl-CoA reductase is a flavoprotein that contains a flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) prosthetic group. The enzyme's structure facilitates the transfer of electrons from NADPH to the substrate, enabling the reduction of the double bonds.
Biological Importance[edit | edit source]
The enzyme is vital for the efficient breakdown of dietary and stored unsaturated fatty acids. Deficiencies or malfunctions in 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase can lead to metabolic disorders, as the body becomes unable to properly metabolize certain types of fatty acids.
Related Enzymes[edit | edit source]
2,4-Dienoyl-CoA reductase is part of a family of enzymes involved in fatty acid metabolism, including enoyl-CoA hydratase, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and acetyl-CoA acyltransferase. These enzymes work in concert to ensure the complete oxidation of fatty acids.
Related Pages[edit | edit source]
Gallery[edit | edit source]
Reaction catalyzed by 2,4-Dienoyl-CoA Reductase
2,4-Hexadienoyl-CoA with DECR1
2,4 Dienoyl-CoA reductase
Dienoyl-CoA reductase reaction cis-trans
2,4 Hexadienoyl-CoA with DECR1
DECR Mechanism
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
