2019–2022 Chilean protests

The 2019–2022 Chilean protests, also known as the Estallido Social ("Social Outburst"), were a series of massive demonstrations and civil unrest events that took place throughout Chile from October 18, 2019, to March 2022. The protests were initially triggered by a rise in the Santiago Metro's subway fare, but quickly expanded to address broader issues of social inequality, economic disparity, and demands for a new constitution.

Background

The protests were rooted in long-standing grievances over economic inequality and the high cost of living in Chile. Despite being one of the wealthiest countries in Latin America, Chile has significant income inequality, with many citizens feeling left behind by the country's economic growth. The pension system, healthcare, and education were also major points of contention, as many Chileans felt these systems were inadequate and unfair.

Timeline of Events

October 2019

The protests began on October 18, 2019, when high school students in Santiago organized mass fare evasion campaigns in response to a 30-peso increase in subway fares. The protests quickly escalated, with widespread demonstrations, riots, and clashes with police. The government declared a state of emergency and imposed curfews in several cities.

November 2019

In November, the protests continued to grow, with millions of Chileans taking to the streets. On November 15, political parties reached an agreement to hold a national plebiscite to decide whether to draft a new constitution.

2020

The COVID-19 pandemic temporarily slowed the protests, but they resumed later in the year. On October 25, 2020, Chileans voted overwhelmingly in favor of drafting a new constitution.

2021

In May 2021, elections were held to select members of the Constitutional Convention, which was tasked with drafting the new constitution. The convention was notable for its diversity, including a significant number of independent and left-leaning members.

2022

The protests gradually subsided as the constitutional process moved forward. The Constitutional Convention continued its work throughout 2022, with the aim of presenting a new draft constitution to the public.

Impact

The protests had a profound impact on Chilean society and politics. They led to significant political reforms, including the decision to draft a new constitution. The protests also highlighted deep-seated issues of inequality and social justice in Chile, prompting widespread debate and discussion about the country's future.

Also see

• Santiago Metro fare evasion protests
• Constitutional Convention (Chile)
• Sebastián Piñera
• COVID-19 pandemic in Chile
• Social inequality in Chile