2019 Nobel Peace Prize
The 2019 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to Abiy Ahmed, the Prime Minister of Ethiopia, for his efforts to achieve peace and international cooperation, and in particular for his decisive initiative to resolve the border conflict with neighboring Eritrea.
Background[edit | edit source]
The Nobel Peace Prize is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, in 1895. The Peace Prize is awarded annually by the Norwegian Nobel Committee to individuals or organizations who have "done the most or the best work for fraternity between nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses."
Abiy Ahmed's Contributions[edit | edit source]
Abiy Ahmed became the Prime Minister of Ethiopia in April 2018. Upon taking office, he initiated a series of reforms aimed at promoting peace and reconciliation both within Ethiopia and with its neighbors. One of his most significant achievements was the peace agreement with Eritrea, which ended a 20-year military stalemate following the Eritrean-Ethiopian War that lasted from 1998 to 2000.
Peace Agreement with Eritrea[edit | edit source]
In July 2018, Abiy Ahmed and Eritrean President Isaias Afwerki signed a "Joint Declaration of Peace and Friendship," which formally ended the state of war between the two countries. This agreement led to the reopening of embassies, the resumption of flights between the two countries, and the restoration of trade and communication links.
Domestic Reforms[edit | edit source]
In addition to his efforts in foreign policy, Abiy Ahmed implemented significant domestic reforms. He released thousands of political prisoners, lifted bans on political parties, and appointed women to half of his cabinet positions. These actions were part of his broader agenda to promote democracy and human rights in Ethiopia.
Reception and Impact[edit | edit source]
The awarding of the Nobel Peace Prize to Abiy Ahmed was widely praised by the international community as a recognition of his efforts to bring peace to a region long plagued by conflict. However, some critics noted ongoing ethnic tensions and human rights issues within Ethiopia, suggesting that the peace process was still fragile.
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