3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) is a key enzyme involved in the metabolic pathway known as the mevalonate pathway, which is responsible for the production of cholesterol, coenzyme Q, and other important biomolecules in the body.
Structure[edit | edit source]
HMG-CoA is a thioester of the coenzyme A (CoA) and a derivative of glutaric acid. It is formed from acetyl-CoA and acetoacetyl-CoA by the enzyme HMG-CoA synthase.
Function[edit | edit source]
HMG-CoA is a crucial intermediate in the mevalonate pathway. It is converted into mevalonate by the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, which is the rate-limiting step in the pathway. This conversion is a key regulatory point in the control of cholesterol synthesis, as HMG-CoA reductase is the target of statin drugs, which are widely used to lower serum cholesterol levels.
Clinical significance[edit | edit source]
Mutations in the gene encoding HMG-CoA reductase can lead to hypercholesterolemia, a condition characterized by high levels of cholesterol in the blood. In addition, inhibitors of HMG-CoA reductase, such as the statin drugs, are used to treat hypercholesterolemia and prevent cardiovascular disease.
See also[edit | edit source]
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA Resources | ||
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