5-HT3

5-HT3 receptor is a type of serotonin receptor, or 5-HT receptor, that binds serotonin, a neurotransmitter that affects mood, appetite, and sleep. The 5-HT3 receptor is a member of the superfamily of ligand-gated ion channels, which are responsible for transmitting signals across the cell membrane.

Structure

The 5-HT3 receptor is composed of five subunits arranged around a central ion-conducting pore, which is permeable to sodium, potassium, and calcium ions. The receptor is located on the cell membrane of nerve cells, and is particularly prevalent in the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract.

Function

The primary role of the 5-HT3 receptor is to mediate fast, excitatory neurotransmission. When serotonin binds to the receptor, it causes the ion channel to open, allowing positively charged ions to flow into the cell. This influx of ions triggers an electrical signal that is sent down the nerve cell, leading to the release of neurotransmitters and the propagation of the signal to the next cell.

Clinical significance

The 5-HT3 receptor is a target for a number of drugs used to treat nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. These drugs, known as 5-HT3 receptor antagonists, work by blocking the action of serotonin at the 5-HT3 receptor, thereby preventing the initiation of the vomiting reflex.

In addition, research has suggested that the 5-HT3 receptor may play a role in mood disorders, such as depression and anxiety, as well as in the regulation of pain. However, more research is needed to fully understand these potential roles.

See also

• Serotonin
• Serotonin receptor
• 5-HT3 receptor antagonist
• Ligand-gated ion channel
• Neurotransmitter

5-HT3 Resources
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