ASIC3

Ideogram human chromosome 7

ASIC3 ASIC3, or Acid-Sensing Ion Channel 3, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ASIC3 gene. It is a member of the ASIC family of ion channels, which are activated by extracellular protons and play a role in sensory perception, particularly in nociception or pain sensation. Structure and Function ASIC3 is a trimeric ion channel composed of three subunits. Each subunit consists of two transmembrane domains, a large extracellular domain, and intracellular N- and C-termini. The extracellular domain contains the proton-sensing region, which allows ASIC3 to be activated by low pH levels in the extracellular environment. Expression and Localization ASIC3 is primarily expressed in sensory neurons, particularly in the dorsal root ganglia and trigeminal ganglia. It is also found in other tissues such as the brain, where it may play a role in synaptic transmission and plasticity. Physiological Roles ASIC3 is involved in various physiological processes, including pain sensation, mechanosensation, and modulation of synaptic transmission. Activation of ASIC3 by protons leads to depolarization of the cell membrane, resulting in the generation of action potentials and the transmission of pain signals to the central nervous system. Clinical Relevance Dysregulation of ASIC3 function has been implicated in various pain disorders, including inflammatory pain, neuropathic pain, and migraine. Targeting ASIC3 with specific inhibitors may offer a potential therapeutic strategy for managing chronic pain conditions. Research and Future Directions Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms underlying ASIC3 activation and modulation. Understanding the role of ASIC3 in pain processing and sensory perception could lead to the development of novel analgesic drugs with improved efficacy and fewer side effects. References 1. Wemmie JA, Price MP, Welsh MJ. Acid-sensing ion channels: advances, questions and therapeutic opportunities. Trends Neurosci. 2006;29(10):578-586. 2. Deval E, Lingueglia E. Acid-sensing ion channels and nociception in the peripheral and central nervous systems. Neuropharmacology. 2015;94:49-57.