Abdominal defects

Abdominal defects are a group of birth defects that involve the structure of the abdomen. They are typically present at birth and can affect both the structure and function of a newborn's body. The two most common types of abdominal defects are gastroschisis and omphalocele, both of which involve the intestines being outside of the body.

Types of Abdominal Defects

Gastroschisis

Gastroschisis is a type of abdominal defect where the baby's intestines are found outside of the baby's body, exiting through a hole beside the belly button. The hole can be small or large and sometimes other organs, like the stomach and liver, can also be found outside of the baby's body.

Omphalocele

Omphalocele is another type of abdominal defect where the intestines, liver, and occasionally other organs, stick out from the belly button. In babies with omphalocele, the organs are covered in a thin, nearly transparent sac that is prone to breakage.

Causes

The exact cause of abdominal defects is unknown. However, it is believed that a combination of genetics, environmental factors, and certain medications taken during pregnancy can increase the risk.

Diagnosis

Abdominal defects can often be diagnosed before birth through a routine ultrasound. After birth, the diagnosis is confirmed through a physical examination.

Treatment

Treatment for abdominal defects usually involves surgery to place the abdominal organs back into the body and close the opening in the abdomen. The type of surgery and the timing of the surgery will depend on the type of abdominal defect and the overall health of the baby.

Prognosis

With early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, most children with abdominal defects can lead healthy lives. However, they may face long-term issues such as digestive problems, nutritional problems, and hernias.

See Also

• Birth defects
• Congenital anomalies
• Pediatric surgery