Acanthopterygii

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Fig2Fish

FMIB 42601 Flammeo scythrops Jordan & Evermann Type 2

Anoplogaster cornuta Brauer

Barathrites iris

Acanthopterygii is a superorder of bony fish that is characterized by having spiny rays in the front part of their dorsal fins and anal fins. This group includes many familiar fish, such as tuna, mackerel, and perch, and encompasses a vast diversity of marine and freshwater species. The name "Acanthopterygii" is derived from Greek, with "acantho" meaning thorn or spine, and "pterygii" meaning fin, referring to the distinctive spiny fins of these fish.

Classification

The classification of Acanthopterygii has undergone significant changes over time, with molecular phylogenetics playing a crucial role in understanding the evolutionary relationships within this group. Traditionally, Acanthopterygii was divided into several orders, including Perciformes, Labriformes, and Tetraodontiformes, among others. However, recent studies have led to a reevaluation of these relationships, and the classification is continually being refined as new information becomes available.

Characteristics

Members of the Acanthopterygii share several key characteristics, although there is considerable variation among species. These include:

• Spiny rays in the anterior portion of the dorsal and anal fins, which can be used for defense.
• A wide range of feeding habits, from planktonic feeders to top-level predators.
• Various reproductive strategies, with some species laying eggs while others give birth to live young.

Habitat and Distribution

Acanthopterygii species are found in a wide range of aquatic environments, from deep oceanic waters to shallow streams and lakes. They are distributed globally, from the tropics to temperate regions, and have adapted to a variety of ecological niches.

Economic and Ecological Importance

Many species within the Acanthopterygii are of significant economic importance to humans, both as a source of food and for recreational fishing. However, their ecological roles are also crucial, as they often occupy key positions in aquatic food webs, acting as both predators and prey.

Conservation

The conservation status of Acanthopterygii species varies widely. Some species are abundant and not currently at risk, while others are threatened by overfishing, habitat loss, and pollution. Conservation efforts are essential to ensure the sustainability of these important fish populations.