Acer rubrum

Acer rubrum

Acer rubrum, commonly known as the red maple, is a deciduous tree native to eastern and central North America. From the northeastern United States, including Maine, to southern Ontario, the Great Lakes, and down to eastern Texas and Florida, Acer rubrum is adaptable to a wide range of climates and soil types. It is one of the most common and widespread deciduous trees of eastern North America.

Description

The red maple varies greatly in size and form but generally reaches heights of 18–27 meters (59–89 ft) with a trunk diameter of 60 cm (24 in). Its growth rate is moderate to fast, and it is known for its striking red foliage in the autumn, making it a popular ornamental tree. The leaves of the red maple are typically 9–11 cm (3.5–4.3 in) long and wide, with 3-5 lobes and a serrated margin. The flowers are small and red or yellow, appearing in early spring before the leaves. The fruit is a samara, also known as a maple key, which aids in wind dispersal.

Habitat and Distribution

Acer rubrum is found in a variety of habitats, from wetlands and riverbanks to dry upland areas. Its adaptability to different soil types and conditions, including both acidic and alkaline soils, contributes to its widespread distribution. The tree's ability to thrive in a variety of habitats has made it a dominant species in many eastern North American forests.

Ecology

The red maple plays a significant role in its ecosystem, providing food and habitat for numerous wildlife species. Its seeds are eaten by squirrels, chipmunks, and some bird species, while the flowers provide nectar for bees. The tree is also a host plant for various butterfly and moth species. However, it can become invasive in certain areas, outcompeting native vegetation and altering habitats.

Uses

Historically, the wood of the red maple has been used for furniture, flooring, and other woodworking projects due to its moderate hardness and attractive grain. It is also a popular choice for landscaping and urban planting because of its aesthetic appeal and tolerance to a range of environmental conditions. In addition, the sap of the red maple can be used to produce maple syrup, although it is not as commonly used as the sap from the sugar maple (Acer saccharum).

Conservation

While Acer rubrum is not currently considered endangered, it faces threats from habitat loss, pollution, and climate change. Conservation efforts focus on protecting natural habitats and promoting sustainable management practices to ensure the species' long-term survival.