Aceton

Aceton

Acetone is a colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, and is the simplest and smallest ketone. It is a solvent widely used in the production of plastics and other industrial products. Acetone is also a component of nail polish remover and a key ingredient in the production of explosives. It is naturally produced and disposed of in the human body through metabolic processes.

Properties

Acetone is known for its ability to dissolve many plastics and synthetic fibers. It is miscible with water, ethanol, ether, and other solvents. The chemical formula for acetone is C3H6O, with a molecular weight of 58.08 g/mol. Its boiling point is 56.05 °C (132.89 °F), and its melting point is -94.7 °C (-138.5 °F).

Production

Acetone is primarily produced through the Cumene process, which involves the catalytic dehydrogenation of isopropyl alcohol. This process is efficient and widely used in the chemical industry. Acetone can also be produced through biological processes, where it is a byproduct of the degradation of fats.

Uses

Acetone's primary use is as a solvent in the manufacturing of plastics and other industrial products. It is also used in the pharmaceutical industry as a solvent for drug formulation and in the cosmetic industry, particularly in nail polish removers. Acetone is also used in the laboratory as a solvent for various chemical reactions and analytical procedures.

Safety and Environmental Impact

Acetone is considered to be a relatively safe solvent when handled properly. It is not regarded as a heavy environmental pollutant, but its volatility can lead to significant concentrations in the atmosphere if not managed correctly. Inhalation of high concentrations of acetone vapor can be harmful, causing irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat, and prolonged exposure can affect the central nervous system.

Regulation

The handling and disposal of acetone are regulated by various environmental and safety agencies around the world. In the workplace, exposure limits for acetone are set to ensure the safety of workers.

In Biology

In the human body, acetone is produced as a byproduct of metabolism. It is normally present in blood and urine. The body can use acetone as a source of energy, but its accumulation can be harmful, a condition known as ketosis, often associated with diabetes mellitus.