ActHIB

ActHIB is a vaccine used to prevent infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib). It is primarily administered to infants and young children to protect against serious diseases such as meningitis, pneumonia, and epiglottitis.

Composition

ActHIB is a conjugate vaccine, which means it contains a polysaccharide antigen that is chemically linked to a protein carrier. This combination enhances the immune response in young children. The vaccine includes the following components:

• Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide
• Tetanus toxoid protein as the carrier

Administration

The vaccine is administered via intramuscular injection. The standard immunization schedule for ActHIB involves multiple doses:

• The primary series consists of three doses given at 2, 4, and 6 months of age.
• A booster dose is recommended at 12-15 months of age.

Mechanism of Action

ActHIB works by stimulating the body's immune system to produce antibodies against Haemophilus influenzae type b. When the vaccinated individual is later exposed to the actual bacteria, their immune system can quickly recognize and combat the infection.

Efficacy

Clinical studies have shown that ActHIB is highly effective in preventing Hib infections. The widespread use of the vaccine has led to a significant decline in the incidence of Hib-related diseases in countries with high vaccination coverage.

Side Effects

Common side effects of ActHIB are generally mild and may include:

• Fever
• Redness or swelling at the injection site
• Irritability
• Loss of appetite

Serious side effects are rare but can include severe allergic reactions.

Storage

ActHIB should be stored in a refrigerator at temperatures between 2°C and 8°C. It should not be frozen, as freezing can damage the vaccine.

See Also

• Haemophilus influenzae
• Vaccine
• Meningitis
• Pneumonia
• Epiglottitis

Related Pages

• Vaccination schedule
• Conjugate vaccine
• Tetanus toxoid
• Immune system
• Antibody