Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices

Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) is a committee within the United States' Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) that provides advice and guidance on effective control of vaccine-preventable diseases in the U.S. civilian population. ACIP develops written recommendations for the routine administration of vaccines to the pediatric and adult populations, along with schedules regarding the appropriate timing, dosage, and contraindications of vaccines.

History

The ACIP was established in 1964 as a follow-up to the Polio Vaccine Advisory Committee, which was created in 1955. The committee was initially tasked with advising on the use of vaccines and related agents for control of vaccine-preventable diseases in the civilian population of the United States.

Role and Function

The ACIP provides advice that will assist the Director of the CDC and the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) in controlling vaccine-preventable diseases. This is primarily achieved through the development and regular updates of vaccine schedules, which detail the timing, dosage, and contraindications of vaccines.

The committee also reviews and makes recommendations on the safety and efficacy of vaccines and related agents for use in the prevention of infectious diseases. This includes the review of data from vaccine trials, post-licensure surveillance, and other studies to evaluate vaccine safety and effectiveness.

Membership

The ACIP is composed of 15 voting members, including the Chair, who are experts in fields such as vaccinology, immunology, pediatrics, internal medicine, nursing, family medicine, virology, public health, infectious diseases, and preventive medicine. The members are selected by the Secretary of the HHS from authorities knowledgeable in the field of immunization practices.

Impact

The recommendations made by the ACIP have a significant impact on vaccine practices in the United States. These recommendations are considered in the development of immunization schedules and policies by healthcare providers, insurance companies, and public health departments.