Adze

Adz (PSF)

Native Alaskan boat builder

Adzes from New Guinea

19th century knowledge woodworking adze and axe

Making paddle with adze, Tobi, Western Caroline Islands, Micronesia

Adze (also spelled adz) is a cutting tool used primarily for shaping wood. An adze consists of a sharp blade, usually made of metal, attached at a right angle to a wooden handle. The tool is similar in structure and use to an axe, but with the cutting edge perpendicular to the handle rather than parallel. Adzes have been used since the Stone Age for a variety of woodworking tasks, including carving, shaping, and smoothing surfaces.

History

The adze has been a vital tool throughout human history, with its origins tracing back to the Stone Age. Early adzes were made with stone blades and were used by early humans for woodworking and as weapons. As civilizations advanced, metal blades replaced stone, significantly improving the efficiency and durability of the tool. Throughout history, the adze has been an essential tool for building, boat making, and carpentry, especially before the advent of powered woodworking tools.

Types of Adzes

There are several types of adzes, each designed for specific tasks:

• Shipwright's adze: Used in shipbuilding to shape and smooth timbers.
• Carpenter's adze: A lighter adze used for finer woodworking tasks.
• Foot adze: Designed to be used while standing, chopping downwards, ideal for hollowing out large pieces of wood.
• Hand adze: Smaller and used with one hand, perfect for detailed work or smaller projects.

Usage

The adze is primarily used in woodworking for shaping and smoothing wood. The user swings the adze downwards towards the wood, slicing off thin layers with each stroke. The angle and curvature of the adze's blade can produce different effects, making it a versatile tool for sculpting wood. In traditional societies, adzes were crucial in the construction of everything from canoes to houses. Today, they are still used by some woodworkers and craftspeople who appreciate the control and finish that hand tools can provide.

Maintenance

Like all woodworking tools, adzes require regular maintenance to keep them effective. This includes sharpening the blade, ensuring the handle is securely attached, and protecting the tool from rust and damage. Proper care ensures the longevity and effectiveness of the adze.

Cultural Significance

The adze not only has practical applications but also holds cultural significance in many societies. In some cultures, adzes are symbols of craftsmanship and labor. They have been found in burial sites, indicating their importance to ancient peoples. In Polynesian culture, the adze is considered a symbol of power and authority.

See Also

• Woodworking
• Axe
• Tool
• Carpentry
• Shipbuilding