Affricate
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An affricate is a consonant that begins as a stop and releases as a fricative, generally with the same place of articulation (most often coronal). Affricates are often represented by two symbols joined by a tie bar, such as [t͡ʃ] for the voiceless postalveolar affricate in English "ch" as in "chicken".
Characteristics[edit | edit source]
Affricates are distinguished from simple stops and fricatives by their manner of articulation. The stop component involves a complete closure of the vocal tract, which is then released into a fricative, where the closure is only partial, allowing air to pass through and create turbulence. This combination of a stop and a fricative in rapid succession is what characterizes an affricate.
Examples in Languages[edit | edit source]
Affricates are found in many of the world's languages. Some common examples include:
- English: [t͡ʃ] as in "chicken" and [d͡ʒ] as in "judge".
- German: [t͡s] as in "Zeit" (time).
- Mandarin Chinese: [t͡ɕ] as in "鸡" (chicken).
Phonetic Representation[edit | edit source]
In the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), affricates are typically represented by two symbols joined by a tie bar. For example:
- [t͡ʃ] - voiceless postalveolar affricate
- [d͡ʒ] - voiced postalveolar affricate
- [t͡s] - voiceless alveolar affricate
Classification[edit | edit source]
Affricates can be classified based on their place of articulation and voicing:
Related Concepts[edit | edit source]
See Also[edit | edit source]
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