African art

African Sudan Art Basket-Tray

Africa Nok Male Figure Kimbell

Benin plaque in the Ethnological Museum, Berlin - 026

Arte yoruba, nigeria, testa da ife, 12-15mo secolo

Pablo Picasso, 1907, Nu à la serviette, oil on canvas, 116 x 89 cm

Bonn Deutsche Welle Fest für Neptun

African art encompasses the visual arts of native Africa, particularly sub-Saharan Africa. The rich and diverse heritage of African art includes sculpture, painting, pottery, rock art, textiles, masks, personal decoration, and jewelry. African art has a long history, with some of the earliest examples dating back thousands of years.

History

The history of African art is as varied as the continent itself. Early examples include the rock art of the Sahara Desert, which dates back to the prehistoric period. The Nok culture of Nigeria, which flourished between 1000 BCE and 300 CE, is known for its terracotta sculptures. The Ife and Benin Kingdoms of Nigeria produced sophisticated bronze and brass sculptures from the 12th century onwards.

Materials and Techniques

African artists use a wide range of materials, including wood, bronze, ivory, and terracotta. Techniques vary widely, from carving and casting to weaving and painting. The choice of material and technique often depends on the intended use of the artwork, whether it be for religious, ceremonial, or decorative purposes.

Themes and Symbolism

African art is often characterized by its use of symbolism and its connection to the spiritual and social life of the community. Common themes include fertility, ancestors, and the natural world. Masks and sculptures are frequently used in rituals and ceremonies to communicate with the spiritual realm.

Regional Variations

African art varies significantly from region to region. For example, the art of West Africa is known for its elaborate masks and sculptures, while East African art often features intricate beadwork and textiles. Central African art is renowned for its powerful and expressive wooden sculptures, and Southern African art includes rock paintings and engravings.

Influence on Modern Art

African art has had a significant influence on modern art, particularly in the early 20th century. Artists such as Pablo Picasso, Henri Matisse, and Amedeo Modigliani were inspired by African sculpture and masks, which they encountered in European museums and collections. This influence is evident in the development of styles such as Cubism and Fauvism.

Related Pages

• Nok culture
• Ife
• Benin Kingdom
• Cubism
• Fauvism
• Pablo Picasso
• Henri Matisse
• Amedeo Modigliani