Agkistrodon bilineatus

Agkistrodon bilineatus

Agkistrodon bilineatus is a venomous pit viper species found primarily in Mexico and Central America. This species is commonly known as the Mexican cantil. It is notable for its distinctive color pattern and the potency of its venom, which contains a complex mixture of toxins that can cause significant medical complications in humans if not treated promptly.

Description

Agkistrodon bilineatus exhibits a robust body with a broad, triangular head distinct from its neck. The coloration varies significantly across its range but generally includes a dark background with lighter crossbands. The average length of an adult is approximately 60 to 80 cm, with some individuals reaching lengths of up to 100 cm.

Distribution and Habitat

The natural range of Agkistrodon bilineatus extends from southern Mexico through Central America to northern South America. Its habitat is diverse, including lowland tropical forests, dry forests, and occasionally more arid regions. This species is terrestrial and is often found near water sources such as streams and marshes.

Behavior

Agkistrodon bilineatus is primarily nocturnal, hunting small mammals, birds, and occasionally amphibians and reptiles. It employs a sit-and-wait strategy, relying on its camouflage to ambush prey. This species is known for its defensive behavior when threatened, displaying a series of warning signals before resorting to envenomation.

Venom

The venom of Agkistrodon bilineatus is hemotoxic, causing damage to blood cells and tissues, which can lead to severe swelling, pain, and even necrosis. Without prompt medical treatment, bites can result in significant morbidity or mortality. Antivenom is available and effective in treating bites from this species.

Conservation Status

The conservation status of Agkistrodon bilineatus has not been extensively studied, but it is not currently listed as endangered. Habitat destruction and persecution due to fear of venomous snakes may impact local populations.

See Also

• Pit viper
• Venomous snakes
• Herpetology