Airway basal cell

Airway Basal Cell

Airway basal cells are a type of epithelial cell found in the respiratory tract. They play a crucial role in maintaining the structure and function of the airway epithelium. These cells are located in the basal layer of the epithelium and serve as progenitor cells capable of differentiating into various cell types that make up the airway lining.

Structure

Airway basal cells are characterized by their location at the base of the epithelium and their contact with the basement membrane. They are typically small, cuboidal cells with a high nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio. The presence of specific markers such as cytokeratin 5 and 14 helps in identifying these cells.

Function

The primary function of airway basal cells is to serve as stem cells for the airway epithelium. They are responsible for the regeneration and repair of the airway lining following injury. Basal cells can differentiate into ciliated cells, goblet cells, and other specialized cell types that contribute to the mucociliary clearance and barrier functions of the airway.

Role in Disease

Airway basal cells are implicated in various respiratory diseases. In conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma, the normal function and differentiation of basal cells can be disrupted, leading to pathological changes in the airway epithelium. Additionally, basal cells can give rise to squamous cell carcinoma in the respiratory tract.

Research and Clinical Implications

Understanding the biology of airway basal cells is crucial for developing therapies for respiratory diseases. Research is ongoing to explore the potential of basal cells in regenerative medicine and their role in the pathogenesis of airway diseases.

Related Pages

• Respiratory epithelium
• Ciliated cell
• Goblet cell
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Gallery

• Diagram of respiratory tract cells

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  Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)

• Image of the respiratory tract

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  Airway basal cell

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  Airway basal cell

• Airway basal cell