Alborz

Alborz (also written as Elburz) is a mountain range in northern Iran that stretches from the border of Azerbaijan along the western and entire southern coast of the Caspian Sea. The Alborz mountain range forms a barrier between the south Caspian and the Iranian plateau. It is only 60–130 km wide and consists of sedimentary series dating from Upper Devonian to Oligocene, prevalently Jurassic limestone over a granite core.

Geography

The Alborz range is about 900 kilometers long and its width varies from 30 kilometers to 130 kilometers in parts. The highest point in the Alborz Range, which is also the highest point in Iran, is Mount Damavand. It has an elevation of 5,610 meters and is located in the middle of the Alborz Range.

Climate

The climate in the Alborz Range varies with elevation. The lower slopes of the mountains are typically covered with forests and the higher elevations have snow all year round. The mountains also affect the weather patterns in Iran and act as a barrier to the passage of rain-bearing winds from the Caspian Sea.

Flora and Fauna

The Alborz mountain range is home to a rich variety of flora and fauna. The lower slopes of the mountains are covered with forests of oak, maple, and other deciduous trees. The higher elevations are home to plants like mountain ash, tundra grass, and shrubs. The Alborz Range is also home to a variety of wildlife including brown bears, wolves, eagles, and leopards.

See Also

• Caspian Sea
• Mount Damavand
• Iran

Alborz Resources
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